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Comparison of node.js test frameworks and utilities: lab, chai, sinon

Most of IzyCloud customers use Node as the favorite scripting environment. The IzyCloud watch system supports popular node.js test frameworks. However, there is a lot of confusing around lab, chai, sinon and how and why they are used. This article will explain the concepts.

Introduction

Frameworks manage the organization and overall structure of the test rules and test cases. The framework usually uses utility libraries for assertions, spying, etc.

Frameworks

The things to consider for analyze the pros and cons of each framework are:

• Ease of granular testing
• Aggregate reporting
• Built in assert functionality vs. reliance on thirdparty
• code coverage measurement and reporting tools

AVA (AVAJS)

Test files are run in parallel as separate processes, giving you even better performance and an isolated environment for each test file and claims to have a better performance that Mocha.

Syntax is simple:

import test from 'ava';

test('arrays are equal', t => {

t.deepEqual([1, 2], [1, 2]);

});

To run only a specific test, use the .only modifier:

test.only('will be run', t => {

t.pass();

});

Jasmine

Jasmine is a behavior-driven development framework for testing JavaScript code. It does not depend on any other JavaScript frameworks. It does not require a DOM. And it has a clean, obvious syntax so that you can easily write tests.

describe("A suite is just a function", function() {

var a;

it("and so is a spec", function() {

a = true;

expect(a).toBe(true);

});

});

Mocha

Mocha is a feature-rich JavaScript test framework running on Node.js and in the browser, making asynchronous testing simple and fun. Mocha tests run serially, allowing for flexible and accurate reporting, while mapping uncaught exceptions to the correct test cases.

var assert = require('assert');

describe('Array', function() {

describe('

indexOf()', function() {

it('should return -1 when the value is not present', function() {

assert.equal([1,2,3].indexOf(4), -1);

});

});

});

Mocha does not have a built in assertion library.

Lab

hapijslab is a simple test utility for Node.js. Unlike other test utilities, lab uses only async/await features and includes everything you should expect from a modern Node.js test utility. Our goal with lab is to keep the execution engine as simple as possible, and not try to build an extensible framework.

lab works with any assertion library that throws an error when a condition isn't met.

Sometimes it could be hard to trace the failures in large tests. The reporting format is:

[Checkmark or -] testNumber) test description

A minus sign would mean that the test case has been marked with skip.

So, to search and highlight the failures, you could use the following regexp:

/- [0-9]

Filtering Test Cases

To skip a single test, you can change the it expression to:

it.skip('test case'

If you would like to select only 1 test case and turn everything else off, use

it.only('test case'

Detection

One way to detect whether the test suit you are analyzing uses lab, is to search for:

\s[0-9]*)\s

Also since lab will always report the time spent running the test at the end, you can search for:

Test duration:\s

Tap

node-tap Has a command line interface for running tests and reporting on their success or failure. Also supports test coverage and running tests in parallel.

It has built-in assertion libraries such as:

t.ok(obj, message, extra)

t.ok(obj, message, extra)

See tap assertions for more info.

The output is a bit difficult to decipher when the tests get large. The easiest way to track down the errors is to look for test groups that dont have the full number of tests run. i.e.

tests/myTest.js ..... 18/19

would indicate an error while

tests/myTest.js ..... 19/19

would indicate success.

Skipping Test Cases

Detection

One way to detect whether the test suit you are analyzing uses lab, is to search for:

..... [numbers]

So the regex, would be

/\.\.\. [0-9]

Utilities

sinonjs

Standalone test spies, stubs and mocks for JavaScript. Works with any unit testing framework. It provides Spies, Stubs, Mocks, Fake timers, Fake XHR and server, JSON-P, Assertions, Matchers, Sandboxes, Utils.

var callback = sinon.spy();

var proxy = once(callback);

proxy();

assert(callback.called);

Chai

Is an assertion library for node and the browser that can be used in the testing framework.

Chai has several interfaces that allow the developer to choose the most comfortable. The chain-capable BDD styles provide an expressive language & readable style, while the TDD assert style provides a more classical feel

chai.should();

foo.should.be.a('string');

var expect = chai.expect;

expect(foo).to.be.a('string');

var assert = chai.assert;

assert.typeOf(foo, 'string');

assert.equal(foo, 'bar');

tap assertions: http://www.node-tap.org/asserts/

hapijslab: https://github.com/hapijs/lab

node-tap: http://www.node-tap.org/